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381 lines
17 KiB
381 lines
17 KiB
install
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-------
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.. only:: html
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.. contents::
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Specify rules to run at install time.
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Introduction
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^^^^^^^^^^^^
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This command generates installation rules for a project. Rules
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specified by calls to this command within a source directory are
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executed in order during installation. The order across directories
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is not defined.
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There are multiple signatures for this command. Some of them define
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installation options for files and targets. Options common to
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multiple signatures are covered here but they are valid only for
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signatures that specify them. The common options are:
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``DESTINATION``
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Specify the directory on disk to which a file will be installed.
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If a full path (with a leading slash or drive letter) is given
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it is used directly. If a relative path is given it is interpreted
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relative to the value of the :variable:`CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX` variable.
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The prefix can be relocated at install time using the ``DESTDIR``
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mechanism explained in the :variable:`CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX` variable
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documentation.
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``PERMISSIONS``
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Specify permissions for installed files. Valid permissions are
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``OWNER_READ``, ``OWNER_WRITE``, ``OWNER_EXECUTE``, ``GROUP_READ``,
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``GROUP_WRITE``, ``GROUP_EXECUTE``, ``WORLD_READ``, ``WORLD_WRITE``,
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``WORLD_EXECUTE``, ``SETUID``, and ``SETGID``. Permissions that do
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not make sense on certain platforms are ignored on those platforms.
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``CONFIGURATIONS``
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Specify a list of build configurations for which the install rule
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applies (Debug, Release, etc.).
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``COMPONENT``
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Specify an installation component name with which the install rule
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is associated, such as "runtime" or "development". During
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component-specific installation only install rules associated with
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the given component name will be executed. During a full installation
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all components are installed unless marked with ``EXCLUDE_FROM_ALL``.
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If ``COMPONENT`` is not provided a default component "Unspecified" is
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created. The default component name may be controlled with the
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:variable:`CMAKE_INSTALL_DEFAULT_COMPONENT_NAME` variable.
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``EXCLUDE_FROM_ALL``
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Specify that the file is excluded from a full installation and only
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installed as part of a component-specific installation
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``RENAME``
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Specify a name for an installed file that may be different from the
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original file. Renaming is allowed only when a single file is
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installed by the command.
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``OPTIONAL``
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Specify that it is not an error if the file to be installed does
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not exist.
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Command signatures that install files may print messages during
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installation. Use the :variable:`CMAKE_INSTALL_MESSAGE` variable
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to control which messages are printed.
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Installing Targets
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^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
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::
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install(TARGETS targets... [EXPORT <export-name>]
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[[ARCHIVE|LIBRARY|RUNTIME|OBJECTS|FRAMEWORK|BUNDLE|
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PRIVATE_HEADER|PUBLIC_HEADER|RESOURCE]
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[DESTINATION <dir>]
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[PERMISSIONS permissions...]
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[CONFIGURATIONS [Debug|Release|...]]
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[COMPONENT <component>]
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[OPTIONAL] [EXCLUDE_FROM_ALL]
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[NAMELINK_ONLY|NAMELINK_SKIP]
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] [...]
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[INCLUDES DESTINATION [<dir> ...]]
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)
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The ``TARGETS`` form specifies rules for installing targets from a
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project. There are six kinds of target files that may be installed:
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``ARCHIVE``, ``LIBRARY``, ``RUNTIME``, ``OBJECTS``, ``FRAMEWORK``, and
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``BUNDLE``. Executables are treated as ``RUNTIME`` targets, except that
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those marked with the ``MACOSX_BUNDLE`` property are treated as ``BUNDLE``
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targets on OS X. Static libraries are treated as ``ARCHIVE`` targets,
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except that those marked with the ``FRAMEWORK`` property are treated
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as ``FRAMEWORK`` targets on OS X.
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Module libraries are always treated as ``LIBRARY`` targets.
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For non-DLL platforms shared libraries are treated as ``LIBRARY``
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targets, except that those marked with the ``FRAMEWORK`` property are
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treated as ``FRAMEWORK`` targets on OS X. For DLL platforms the DLL
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part of a shared library is treated as a ``RUNTIME`` target and the
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corresponding import library is treated as an ``ARCHIVE`` target.
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All Windows-based systems including Cygwin are DLL platforms. Object
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libraries are always treated as ``OBJECTS`` targets.
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The ``ARCHIVE``, ``LIBRARY``, ``RUNTIME``, ``OBJECTS``, and ``FRAMEWORK``
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arguments change the type of target to which the subsequent properties
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apply. If none is given the installation properties apply to all target
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types. If only one is given then only targets of that type will be
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installed (which can be used to install just a DLL or just an import
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library).
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The ``PRIVATE_HEADER``, ``PUBLIC_HEADER``, and ``RESOURCE`` arguments
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cause subsequent properties to be applied to installing a ``FRAMEWORK``
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shared library target's associated files on non-Apple platforms. Rules
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defined by these arguments are ignored on Apple platforms because the
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associated files are installed into the appropriate locations inside
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the framework folder. See documentation of the
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:prop_tgt:`PRIVATE_HEADER`, :prop_tgt:`PUBLIC_HEADER`, and
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:prop_tgt:`RESOURCE` target properties for details.
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Either ``NAMELINK_ONLY`` or ``NAMELINK_SKIP`` may be specified as a
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``LIBRARY`` option. On some platforms a versioned shared library
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has a symbolic link such as::
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lib<name>.so -> lib<name>.so.1
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where ``lib<name>.so.1`` is the soname of the library and ``lib<name>.so``
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is a "namelink" allowing linkers to find the library when given
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``-l<name>``. The ``NAMELINK_ONLY`` option causes installation of only the
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namelink when a library target is installed. The ``NAMELINK_SKIP`` option
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causes installation of library files other than the namelink when a
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library target is installed. When neither option is given both
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portions are installed. On platforms where versioned shared libraries
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do not have namelinks or when a library is not versioned the
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``NAMELINK_SKIP`` option installs the library and the ``NAMELINK_ONLY``
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option installs nothing. See the :prop_tgt:`VERSION` and
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:prop_tgt:`SOVERSION` target properties for details on creating versioned
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shared libraries.
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The ``INCLUDES DESTINATION`` specifies a list of directories
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which will be added to the :prop_tgt:`INTERFACE_INCLUDE_DIRECTORIES`
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target property of the ``<targets>`` when exported by the
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:command:`install(EXPORT)` command. If a relative path is
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specified, it is treated as relative to the ``$<INSTALL_PREFIX>``.
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This is independent of the rest of the argument groups and does
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not actually install anything.
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One or more groups of properties may be specified in a single call to
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the ``TARGETS`` form of this command. A target may be installed more than
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once to different locations. Consider hypothetical targets ``myExe``,
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``mySharedLib``, and ``myStaticLib``. The code:
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.. code-block:: cmake
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install(TARGETS myExe mySharedLib myStaticLib
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RUNTIME DESTINATION bin
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LIBRARY DESTINATION lib
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ARCHIVE DESTINATION lib/static)
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install(TARGETS mySharedLib DESTINATION /some/full/path)
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will install ``myExe`` to ``<prefix>/bin`` and ``myStaticLib`` to
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``<prefix>/lib/static``. On non-DLL platforms ``mySharedLib`` will be
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installed to ``<prefix>/lib`` and ``/some/full/path``. On DLL platforms
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the ``mySharedLib`` DLL will be installed to ``<prefix>/bin`` and
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``/some/full/path`` and its import library will be installed to
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``<prefix>/lib/static`` and ``/some/full/path``.
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The ``EXPORT`` option associates the installed target files with an
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export called ``<export-name>``. It must appear before any ``RUNTIME``,
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``LIBRARY``, ``ARCHIVE``, or ``OBJECTS`` options. To actually install the
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export file itself, call ``install(EXPORT)``, documented below.
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Installing a target with the :prop_tgt:`EXCLUDE_FROM_ALL` target property
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set to ``TRUE`` has undefined behavior.
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The install destination given to the target install ``DESTINATION`` may
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use "generator expressions" with the syntax ``$<...>``. See the
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:manual:`cmake-generator-expressions(7)` manual for available expressions.
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Installing Files
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^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
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::
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install(<FILES|PROGRAMS> files... DESTINATION <dir>
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[PERMISSIONS permissions...]
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[CONFIGURATIONS [Debug|Release|...]]
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[COMPONENT <component>]
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[RENAME <name>] [OPTIONAL] [EXCLUDE_FROM_ALL])
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The ``FILES`` form specifies rules for installing files for a project.
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File names given as relative paths are interpreted with respect to the
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current source directory. Files installed by this form are by default
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given permissions ``OWNER_WRITE``, ``OWNER_READ``, ``GROUP_READ``, and
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``WORLD_READ`` if no ``PERMISSIONS`` argument is given.
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The ``PROGRAMS`` form is identical to the ``FILES`` form except that the
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default permissions for the installed file also include ``OWNER_EXECUTE``,
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``GROUP_EXECUTE``, and ``WORLD_EXECUTE``. This form is intended to install
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programs that are not targets, such as shell scripts. Use the ``TARGETS``
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form to install targets built within the project.
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The list of ``files...`` given to ``FILES`` or ``PROGRAMS`` may use
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"generator expressions" with the syntax ``$<...>``. See the
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:manual:`cmake-generator-expressions(7)` manual for available expressions.
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However, if any item begins in a generator expression it must evaluate
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to a full path.
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The install destination given to the files install ``DESTINATION`` may
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use "generator expressions" with the syntax ``$<...>``. See the
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:manual:`cmake-generator-expressions(7)` manual for available expressions.
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Installing Directories
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^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
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::
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install(DIRECTORY dirs... DESTINATION <dir>
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[FILE_PERMISSIONS permissions...]
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[DIRECTORY_PERMISSIONS permissions...]
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[USE_SOURCE_PERMISSIONS] [OPTIONAL] [MESSAGE_NEVER]
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[CONFIGURATIONS [Debug|Release|...]]
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[COMPONENT <component>] [EXCLUDE_FROM_ALL]
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[FILES_MATCHING]
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[[PATTERN <pattern> | REGEX <regex>]
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[EXCLUDE] [PERMISSIONS permissions...]] [...])
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The ``DIRECTORY`` form installs contents of one or more directories to a
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given destination. The directory structure is copied verbatim to the
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destination. The last component of each directory name is appended to
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the destination directory but a trailing slash may be used to avoid
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this because it leaves the last component empty. Directory names
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given as relative paths are interpreted with respect to the current
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source directory. If no input directory names are given the
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destination directory will be created but nothing will be installed
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into it. The ``FILE_PERMISSIONS`` and ``DIRECTORY_PERMISSIONS`` options
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specify permissions given to files and directories in the destination.
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If ``USE_SOURCE_PERMISSIONS`` is specified and ``FILE_PERMISSIONS`` is not,
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file permissions will be copied from the source directory structure.
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If no permissions are specified files will be given the default
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permissions specified in the ``FILES`` form of the command, and the
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directories will be given the default permissions specified in the
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``PROGRAMS`` form of the command.
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The ``MESSAGE_NEVER`` option disables file installation status output.
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Installation of directories may be controlled with fine granularity
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using the ``PATTERN`` or ``REGEX`` options. These "match" options specify a
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globbing pattern or regular expression to match directories or files
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encountered within input directories. They may be used to apply
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certain options (see below) to a subset of the files and directories
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encountered. The full path to each input file or directory (with
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forward slashes) is matched against the expression. A ``PATTERN`` will
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match only complete file names: the portion of the full path matching
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the pattern must occur at the end of the file name and be preceded by
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a slash. A ``REGEX`` will match any portion of the full path but it may
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use ``/`` and ``$`` to simulate the ``PATTERN`` behavior. By default all
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files and directories are installed whether or not they are matched.
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The ``FILES_MATCHING`` option may be given before the first match option
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to disable installation of files (but not directories) not matched by
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any expression. For example, the code
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.. code-block:: cmake
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install(DIRECTORY src/ DESTINATION include/myproj
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FILES_MATCHING PATTERN "*.h")
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will extract and install header files from a source tree.
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Some options may follow a ``PATTERN`` or ``REGEX`` expression and are applied
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only to files or directories matching them. The ``EXCLUDE`` option will
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skip the matched file or directory. The ``PERMISSIONS`` option overrides
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the permissions setting for the matched file or directory. For
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example the code
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.. code-block:: cmake
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install(DIRECTORY icons scripts/ DESTINATION share/myproj
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PATTERN "CVS" EXCLUDE
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PATTERN "scripts/*"
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PERMISSIONS OWNER_EXECUTE OWNER_WRITE OWNER_READ
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GROUP_EXECUTE GROUP_READ)
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will install the ``icons`` directory to ``share/myproj/icons`` and the
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``scripts`` directory to ``share/myproj``. The icons will get default
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file permissions, the scripts will be given specific permissions, and any
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``CVS`` directories will be excluded.
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The list of ``dirs...`` given to ``DIRECTORY`` and the install destination
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given to the directory install ``DESTINATION`` may use "generator expressions"
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with the syntax ``$<...>``. See the :manual:`cmake-generator-expressions(7)`
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manual for available expressions.
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Custom Installation Logic
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^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
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::
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install([[SCRIPT <file>] [CODE <code>]]
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[COMPONENT <component>] [EXCLUDE_FROM_ALL] [...])
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The ``SCRIPT`` form will invoke the given CMake script files during
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installation. If the script file name is a relative path it will be
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interpreted with respect to the current source directory. The ``CODE``
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form will invoke the given CMake code during installation. Code is
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specified as a single argument inside a double-quoted string. For
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example, the code
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.. code-block:: cmake
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install(CODE "MESSAGE(\"Sample install message.\")")
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will print a message during installation.
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Installing Exports
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^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
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::
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install(EXPORT <export-name> DESTINATION <dir>
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[NAMESPACE <namespace>] [[FILE <name>.cmake]|
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[EXPORT_ANDROID_MK <name>.mk]]
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[PERMISSIONS permissions...]
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[CONFIGURATIONS [Debug|Release|...]]
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[EXPORT_LINK_INTERFACE_LIBRARIES]
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[COMPONENT <component>]
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[EXCLUDE_FROM_ALL])
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The ``EXPORT`` form generates and installs a CMake file containing code to
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import targets from the installation tree into another project.
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Target installations are associated with the export ``<export-name>``
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using the ``EXPORT`` option of the ``install(TARGETS)`` signature
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documented above. The ``NAMESPACE`` option will prepend ``<namespace>`` to
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the target names as they are written to the import file. By default
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the generated file will be called ``<export-name>.cmake`` but the ``FILE``
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option may be used to specify a different name. The value given to
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the ``FILE`` option must be a file name with the ``.cmake`` extension.
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If a ``CONFIGURATIONS`` option is given then the file will only be installed
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when one of the named configurations is installed. Additionally, the
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generated import file will reference only the matching target
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configurations. The ``EXPORT_LINK_INTERFACE_LIBRARIES`` keyword, if
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present, causes the contents of the properties matching
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``(IMPORTED_)?LINK_INTERFACE_LIBRARIES(_<CONFIG>)?`` to be exported, when
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policy :policy:`CMP0022` is ``NEW``. If a ``COMPONENT`` option is
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specified that does not match that given to the targets associated with
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``<export-name>`` the behavior is undefined. If a library target is
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included in the export but a target to which it links is not included
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the behavior is unspecified.
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In additon to cmake language files, the ``EXPORT_ANDROID_MK`` option maybe
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used to specifiy an export to the android ndk build system. The Android
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NDK supports the use of prebuilt libraries, both static and shared. This
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allows cmake to build the libraries of a project and make them available
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to an ndk build system complete with transitive dependencies, include flags
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and defines required to use the libraries.
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The ``EXPORT`` form is useful to help outside projects use targets built
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and installed by the current project. For example, the code
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.. code-block:: cmake
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install(TARGETS myexe EXPORT myproj DESTINATION bin)
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install(EXPORT myproj NAMESPACE mp_ DESTINATION lib/myproj)
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install(EXPORT_ANDROID_MK myexp DESTINATION share/ndk-modules)
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will install the executable myexe to ``<prefix>/bin`` and code to import
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it in the file ``<prefix>/lib/myproj/myproj.cmake`` and
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``<prefix>/lib/share/ndk-modules/Android.mk``. An outside project
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may load this file with the include command and reference the ``myexe``
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executable from the installation tree using the imported target name
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``mp_myexe`` as if the target were built in its own tree.
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.. note::
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This command supercedes the :command:`install_targets` command and
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the :prop_tgt:`PRE_INSTALL_SCRIPT` and :prop_tgt:`POST_INSTALL_SCRIPT`
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target properties. It also replaces the ``FILES`` forms of the
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:command:`install_files` and :command:`install_programs` commands.
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The processing order of these install rules relative to
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those generated by :command:`install_targets`,
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:command:`install_files`, and :command:`install_programs` commands
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is not defined.
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