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594 lines
19 KiB
594 lines
19 KiB
string
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------
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String operations.
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Synopsis
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^^^^^^^^
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.. parsed-literal::
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`Search and Replace`_
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string(`FIND`_ <string> <substring> <out-var> [...])
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string(`REPLACE`_ <match-string> <replace-string> <out-var> <input>...)
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string(`REGEX MATCH`_ <match-regex> <out-var> <input>...)
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string(`REGEX MATCHALL`_ <match-regex> <out-var> <input>...)
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string(`REGEX REPLACE`_ <match-regex> <replace-expr> <out-var> <input>...)
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`Manipulation`_
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string(`APPEND`_ <string-var> [<input>...])
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string(`PREPEND`_ <string-var> [<input>...])
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string(`CONCAT`_ <out-var> [<input>...])
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string(`JOIN`_ <glue> <out-var> [<input>...])
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string(`TOLOWER`_ <string> <out-var>)
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string(`TOUPPER`_ <string> <out-var>)
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string(`LENGTH <LENGTH_>`_ <string> <out-var>)
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string(`SUBSTRING`_ <string> <begin> <length> <out-var>)
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string(`STRIP`_ <string> <out-var>)
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string(`GENEX_STRIP`_ <string> <out-var>)
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string(`REPEAT`_ <string> <count> <out-var>)
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`Comparison`_
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string(`COMPARE`_ <op> <string1> <string2> <out-var>)
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`Hashing`_
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string(`\<HASH\>`_ <out-var> <input>)
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`Generation`_
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string(`ASCII`_ <number>... <out-var>)
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string(`HEX`_ <string> <out-var>)
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string(`CONFIGURE`_ <string> <out-var> [...])
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string(`MAKE_C_IDENTIFIER`_ <string> <out-var>)
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string(`RANDOM`_ [<option>...] <out-var>)
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string(`TIMESTAMP`_ <out-var> [<format string>] [UTC])
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string(`UUID`_ <out-var> ...)
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`JSON`_
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string(JSON <out-var> [ERROR_VARIABLE <error-var>]
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{`GET <JSON GET_>`_ | `TYPE <JSON TYPE_>`_ | `LENGTH <JSON LENGTH_>`_ | `REMOVE <JSON REMOVE_>`_}
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<json-string> <member|index> [<member|index> ...])
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string(JSON <out-var> [ERROR_VARIABLE <error-var>]
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`MEMBER <JSON MEMBER_>`_ <json-string>
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[<member|index> ...] <index>)
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string(JSON <out-var> [ERROR_VARIABLE <error-var>]
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`SET <JSON SET_>`_ <json-string>
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<member|index> [<member|index> ...] <value>)
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string(JSON <out-var> [ERROR_VARIABLE <error-var>]
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`EQUAL <JSON EQUAL_>`_ <json-string1> <json-string2>)
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Search and Replace
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^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
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Search and Replace With Plain Strings
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"""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""
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.. signature::
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string(FIND <string> <substring> <output_variable> [REVERSE])
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Return the position where the given ``<substring>`` was found in
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the supplied ``<string>``. If the ``REVERSE`` flag was used, the command
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will search for the position of the last occurrence of the specified
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``<substring>``. If the ``<substring>`` is not found, a position of -1 is
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returned.
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The ``string(FIND)`` subcommand treats all strings as ASCII-only characters.
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The index stored in ``<output_variable>`` will also be counted in bytes,
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so strings containing multi-byte characters may lead to unexpected results.
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.. signature::
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string(REPLACE <match_string>
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<replace_string> <output_variable>
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<input> [<input>...])
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Replace all occurrences of ``<match_string>`` in the ``<input>``
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with ``<replace_string>`` and store the result in the ``<output_variable>``.
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Search and Replace With Regular Expressions
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"""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""
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.. signature::
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string(REGEX MATCH <regular_expression>
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<output_variable> <input> [<input>...])
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Match the ``<regular_expression>`` once and store the match in the
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``<output_variable>``.
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All ``<input>`` arguments are concatenated before matching.
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Regular expressions are specified in the subsection just below.
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.. signature::
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string(REGEX MATCHALL <regular_expression>
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<output_variable> <input> [<input>...])
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Match the ``<regular_expression>`` as many times as possible and store the
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matches in the ``<output_variable>`` as a list.
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All ``<input>`` arguments are concatenated before matching.
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.. signature::
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string(REGEX REPLACE <regular_expression>
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<replacement_expression> <output_variable>
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<input> [<input>...])
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Match the ``<regular_expression>`` as many times as possible and substitute
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the ``<replacement_expression>`` for the match in the output.
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All ``<input>`` arguments are concatenated before matching.
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The ``<replacement_expression>`` may refer to parenthesis-delimited
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subexpressions of the match using ``\1``, ``\2``, ..., ``\9``. Note that
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two backslashes (``\\1``) are required in CMake code to get a backslash
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through argument parsing.
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.. _`Regex Specification`:
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Regex Specification
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"""""""""""""""""""
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The following characters have special meaning in regular expressions:
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``^``
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Matches at beginning of input
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``$``
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Matches at end of input
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``.``
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Matches any single character
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``\<char>``
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Matches the single character specified by ``<char>``. Use this to
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match special regex characters, e.g. ``\.`` for a literal ``.``
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or ``\\`` for a literal backslash ``\``. Escaping a non-special
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character is unnecessary but allowed, e.g. ``\a`` matches ``a``.
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``[ ]``
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Matches any character(s) inside the brackets.
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To match a literal ``]``, make it the first character, e.g., ``[]ab]``.
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``[^ ]``
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Matches any character(s) not inside the brackets.
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To not match a literal ``]``, make it the first character, e.g., ``[^]ab]``.
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``-``
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Inside brackets, specifies an inclusive range between characters on
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either side, e.g., ``[a-f]`` is ``[abcdef]``.
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To match a literal ``-`` using brackets, make it the first or the last
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character, e.g., ``[+*/-]`` matches basic mathematical operators.
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``*``
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Matches preceding pattern zero or more times
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``+``
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Matches preceding pattern one or more times
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``?``
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Matches preceding pattern zero or once only
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``|``
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Matches a pattern on either side of the ``|``
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``()``
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Saves a matched subexpression, which can be referenced
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in the ``REGEX REPLACE`` operation.
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.. versionadded:: 3.9
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All regular expression-related commands, including e.g.
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:command:`if(MATCHES)`, save subgroup matches in the variables
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:variable:`CMAKE_MATCH_<n>` for ``<n>`` 0..9.
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``*``, ``+`` and ``?`` have higher precedence than concatenation. ``|``
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has lower precedence than concatenation. This means that the regular
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expression ``^ab+d$`` matches ``abbd`` but not ``ababd``, and the regular
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expression ``^(ab|cd)$`` matches ``ab`` but not ``abd``.
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CMake language :ref:`Escape Sequences` such as ``\t``, ``\r``, ``\n``,
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and ``\\`` may be used to construct literal tabs, carriage returns,
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newlines, and backslashes (respectively) to pass in a regex. For example:
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* The quoted argument ``"[ \t\r\n]"`` specifies a regex that matches
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any single whitespace character.
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* The quoted argument ``"[/\\]"`` specifies a regex that matches
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a single forward slash ``/`` or backslash ``\``.
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* The quoted argument ``"[A-Za-z0-9_]"`` specifies a regex that matches
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any single "word" character in the C locale.
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* The quoted argument ``"\\(\\a\\+b\\)"`` specifies a regex that matches
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the exact string ``(a+b)``. Each ``\\`` is parsed in a quoted argument
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as just ``\``, so the regex itself is actually ``\(\a\+\b\)``. This
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can alternatively be specified in a :ref:`bracket argument` without
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having to escape the backslashes, e.g. ``[[\(\a\+\b\)]]``.
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Manipulation
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^^^^^^^^^^^^
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.. signature::
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string(APPEND <string_variable> [<input>...])
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.. versionadded:: 3.4
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Append all the ``<input>`` arguments to the string.
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.. signature::
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string(PREPEND <string_variable> [<input>...])
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.. versionadded:: 3.10
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Prepend all the ``<input>`` arguments to the string.
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.. signature::
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string(CONCAT <output_variable> [<input>...])
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Concatenate all the ``<input>`` arguments together and store
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the result in the named ``<output_variable>``.
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.. signature::
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string(JOIN <glue> <output_variable> [<input>...])
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.. versionadded:: 3.12
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Join all the ``<input>`` arguments together using the ``<glue>``
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string and store the result in the named ``<output_variable>``.
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To join a list's elements, prefer to use the ``JOIN`` operator
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from the :command:`list` command. This allows for the elements to have
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special characters like ``;`` in them.
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.. signature::
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string(TOLOWER <string> <output_variable>)
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Convert ``<string>`` to lower characters.
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.. signature::
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string(TOUPPER <string> <output_variable>)
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Convert ``<string>`` to upper characters.
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.. signature::
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string(LENGTH <string> <output_variable>)
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Store in an ``<output_variable>`` a given string's length in bytes.
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Note that this means if ``<string>`` contains multi-byte characters,
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the result stored in ``<output_variable>`` will *not* be
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the number of characters.
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.. signature::
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string(SUBSTRING <string> <begin> <length> <output_variable>)
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Store in an ``<output_variable>`` a substring of a given ``<string>``. If
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``<length>`` is ``-1`` the remainder of the string starting at ``<begin>``
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will be returned.
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.. versionchanged:: 3.2
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If ``<string>`` is shorter than ``<length>``
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then the end of the string is used instead.
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Previous versions of CMake reported an error in this case.
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Both ``<begin>`` and ``<length>`` are counted in bytes, so care must
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be exercised if ``<string>`` could contain multi-byte characters.
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.. signature::
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string(STRIP <string> <output_variable>)
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Store in an ``<output_variable>`` a substring of a given ``<string>``
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with leading and trailing spaces removed.
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.. signature::
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string(GENEX_STRIP <string> <output_variable>)
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.. versionadded:: 3.1
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Strip any :manual:`generator expressions <cmake-generator-expressions(7)>`
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from the input ``<string>`` and store the result
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in the ``<output_variable>``.
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.. signature::
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string(REPEAT <string> <count> <output_variable>)
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.. versionadded:: 3.15
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Produce the output string as the input ``<string>``
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repeated ``<count>`` times.
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Comparison
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^^^^^^^^^^
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.. _COMPARE:
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.. signature::
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string(COMPARE LESS <string1> <string2> <output_variable>)
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string(COMPARE GREATER <string1> <string2> <output_variable>)
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string(COMPARE EQUAL <string1> <string2> <output_variable>)
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string(COMPARE NOTEQUAL <string1> <string2> <output_variable>)
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string(COMPARE LESS_EQUAL <string1> <string2> <output_variable>)
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string(COMPARE GREATER_EQUAL <string1> <string2> <output_variable>)
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Compare the strings and store true or false in the ``<output_variable>``.
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.. versionadded:: 3.7
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Added the ``LESS_EQUAL`` and ``GREATER_EQUAL`` options.
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.. _`Supported Hash Algorithms`:
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Hashing
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^^^^^^^
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.. signature::
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string(<HASH> <output_variable> <input>)
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:target: <HASH>
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Compute a cryptographic hash of the ``<input>`` string.
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The supported ``<HASH>`` algorithm names are:
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``MD5``
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Message-Digest Algorithm 5, RFC 1321.
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``SHA1``
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US Secure Hash Algorithm 1, RFC 3174.
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``SHA224``
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US Secure Hash Algorithms, RFC 4634.
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``SHA256``
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US Secure Hash Algorithms, RFC 4634.
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``SHA384``
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US Secure Hash Algorithms, RFC 4634.
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``SHA512``
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US Secure Hash Algorithms, RFC 4634.
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``SHA3_224``
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Keccak SHA-3.
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``SHA3_256``
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Keccak SHA-3.
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``SHA3_384``
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Keccak SHA-3.
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``SHA3_512``
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Keccak SHA-3.
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.. versionadded:: 3.8
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Added the ``SHA3_*`` hash algorithms.
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Generation
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^^^^^^^^^^
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.. signature::
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string(ASCII <number> [<number> ...] <output_variable>)
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Convert all numbers into corresponding ASCII characters.
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.. signature::
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string(HEX <string> <output_variable>)
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.. versionadded:: 3.18
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Convert each byte in the input ``<string>`` to its hexadecimal representation
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and store the concatenated hex digits in the ``<output_variable>``.
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Letters in the output (``a`` through ``f``) are in lowercase.
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.. signature::
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string(CONFIGURE <string> <output_variable>
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[@ONLY] [ESCAPE_QUOTES])
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Transform a ``<string>`` like :command:`configure_file` transforms a file.
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.. signature::
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string(MAKE_C_IDENTIFIER <string> <output_variable>)
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Convert each non-alphanumeric character in the input ``<string>`` to an
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underscore and store the result in the ``<output_variable>``. If the first
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character of the ``<string>`` is a digit, an underscore will also be
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prepended to the result.
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.. signature::
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string(RANDOM [LENGTH <length>] [ALPHABET <alphabet>]
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[RANDOM_SEED <seed>] <output_variable>)
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Return a random string of given ``<length>`` consisting of
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characters from the given ``<alphabet>``. Default length is 5 characters
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and default alphabet is all numbers and upper and lower case letters.
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If an integer ``RANDOM_SEED`` is given, its value will be used to seed the
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random number generator.
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.. signature::
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string(TIMESTAMP <output_variable> [<format_string>] [UTC])
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Write a string representation of the current date
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and/or time to the ``<output_variable>``.
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If the command is unable to obtain a timestamp, the ``<output_variable>``
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will be set to the empty string ``""``.
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The optional ``UTC`` flag requests the current date/time representation to
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be in Coordinated Universal Time (UTC) rather than local time.
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The optional ``<format_string>`` may contain the following format
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specifiers:
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``%%``
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.. versionadded:: 3.8
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A literal percent sign (%).
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``%d``
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The day of the current month (01-31).
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``%H``
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The hour on a 24-hour clock (00-23).
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``%I``
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The hour on a 12-hour clock (01-12).
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``%j``
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The day of the current year (001-366).
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``%m``
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The month of the current year (01-12).
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``%b``
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.. versionadded:: 3.7
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Abbreviated month name (e.g. Oct).
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``%B``
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.. versionadded:: 3.10
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Full month name (e.g. October).
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``%M``
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The minute of the current hour (00-59).
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``%s``
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.. versionadded:: 3.6
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Seconds since midnight (UTC) 1-Jan-1970 (UNIX time).
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``%S``
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The second of the current minute. 60 represents a leap second. (00-60)
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``%f``
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.. versionadded:: 3.23
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The microsecond of the current second (000000-999999).
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``%U``
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The week number of the current year (00-53).
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``%V``
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.. versionadded:: 3.22
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The ISO 8601 week number of the current year (01-53).
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``%w``
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The day of the current week. 0 is Sunday. (0-6)
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``%a``
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.. versionadded:: 3.7
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Abbreviated weekday name (e.g. Fri).
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``%A``
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.. versionadded:: 3.10
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Full weekday name (e.g. Friday).
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``%y``
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The last two digits of the current year (00-99).
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``%Y``
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The current year.
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``%z``
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.. versionadded:: 3.26
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The offset of the time zone from UTC, in hours and minutes,
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with format ``+hhmm`` or ``-hhmm``.
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``%Z``
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.. versionadded:: 3.26
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The time zone name.
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Unknown format specifiers will be ignored and copied to the output
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as-is.
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If no explicit ``<format_string>`` is given, it will default to:
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::
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%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%S for local time.
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%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%SZ for UTC.
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.. versionadded:: 3.8
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If the ``SOURCE_DATE_EPOCH`` environment variable is set,
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its value will be used instead of the current time.
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See https://reproducible-builds.org/specs/source-date-epoch/ for details.
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.. signature::
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string(UUID <output_variable> NAMESPACE <namespace> NAME <name>
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TYPE <MD5|SHA1> [UPPER])
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.. versionadded:: 3.1
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Create a universally unique identifier (aka GUID) as per RFC4122
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based on the hash of the combined values of ``<namespace>``
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(which itself has to be a valid UUID) and ``<name>``.
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The hash algorithm can be either ``MD5`` (Version 3 UUID) or
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``SHA1`` (Version 5 UUID).
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A UUID has the format ``xxxxxxxx-xxxx-xxxx-xxxx-xxxxxxxxxxxx``
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where each ``x`` represents a lower case hexadecimal character.
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Where required, an uppercase representation can be requested
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with the optional ``UPPER`` flag.
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.. _JSON:
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JSON
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^^^^
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.. versionadded:: 3.19
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Functionality for querying a JSON string.
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.. note::
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In each of the following JSON-related subcommands, if the optional
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``ERROR_VARIABLE`` argument is given, errors will be reported in
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``<error-variable>`` and the ``<out-var>`` will be set to
|
|
``<member|index>-[<member|index>...]-NOTFOUND`` with the path elements
|
|
up to the point where the error occurred, or just ``NOTFOUND`` if there
|
|
is no relevant path. If an error occurs but the ``ERROR_VARIABLE``
|
|
option is not present, a fatal error message is generated. If no error
|
|
occurs, the ``<error-variable>`` will be set to ``NOTFOUND``.
|
|
|
|
.. signature::
|
|
string(JSON <out-var> [ERROR_VARIABLE <error-variable>]
|
|
GET <json-string> <member|index> [<member|index> ...])
|
|
:target: JSON GET
|
|
|
|
Get an element from ``<json-string>`` at the location given
|
|
by the list of ``<member|index>`` arguments.
|
|
Array and object elements will be returned as a JSON string.
|
|
Boolean elements will be returned as ``ON`` or ``OFF``.
|
|
Null elements will be returned as an empty string.
|
|
Number and string types will be returned as strings.
|
|
|
|
.. signature::
|
|
string(JSON <out-var> [ERROR_VARIABLE <error-variable>]
|
|
TYPE <json-string> <member|index> [<member|index> ...])
|
|
:target: JSON TYPE
|
|
|
|
Get the type of an element in ``<json-string>`` at the location
|
|
given by the list of ``<member|index>`` arguments. The ``<out-var>``
|
|
will be set to one of ``NULL``, ``NUMBER``, ``STRING``, ``BOOLEAN``,
|
|
``ARRAY``, or ``OBJECT``.
|
|
|
|
.. signature::
|
|
string(JSON <out-var> [ERROR_VARIABLE <error-var>]
|
|
MEMBER <json-string>
|
|
[<member|index> ...] <index>)
|
|
:target: JSON MEMBER
|
|
|
|
Get the name of the ``<index>``-th member in ``<json-string>``
|
|
at the location given by the list of ``<member|index>`` arguments.
|
|
Requires an element of object type.
|
|
|
|
.. signature::
|
|
string(JSON <out-var> [ERROR_VARIABLE <error-variable>]
|
|
LENGTH <json-string> [<member|index> ...])
|
|
:target: JSON LENGTH
|
|
|
|
Get the length of an element in ``<json-string>`` at the location
|
|
given by the list of ``<member|index>`` arguments.
|
|
Requires an element of array or object type.
|
|
|
|
.. signature::
|
|
string(JSON <out-var> [ERROR_VARIABLE <error-variable>]
|
|
REMOVE <json-string> <member|index> [<member|index> ...])
|
|
:target: JSON REMOVE
|
|
|
|
Remove an element from ``<json-string>`` at the location
|
|
given by the list of ``<member|index>`` arguments. The JSON string
|
|
without the removed element will be stored in ``<out-var>``.
|
|
|
|
.. signature::
|
|
string(JSON <out-var> [ERROR_VARIABLE <error-variable>]
|
|
SET <json-string> <member|index> [<member|index> ...] <value>)
|
|
:target: JSON SET
|
|
|
|
Set an element in ``<json-string>`` at the location
|
|
given by the list of ``<member|index>`` arguments to ``<value>``.
|
|
The contents of ``<value>`` should be valid JSON.
|
|
If ``<json-string>`` is an array, ``<value>`` can be appended to the end of
|
|
the array by using a number greater or equal to the array length as the
|
|
``<member|index>`` argument.
|
|
|
|
.. signature::
|
|
string(JSON <out-var> [ERROR_VARIABLE <error-var>]
|
|
EQUAL <json-string1> <json-string2>)
|
|
:target: JSON EQUAL
|
|
|
|
Compare the two JSON objects given by ``<json-string1>``
|
|
and ``<json-string2>`` for equality. The contents of ``<json-string1>``
|
|
and ``<json-string2>`` should be valid JSON. The ``<out-var>``
|
|
will be set to a true value if the JSON objects are considered equal,
|
|
or a false value otherwise.
|