Original fix proposed by Stanislav German-Evtushenko (giner)
CPC Ubuntu cloud images default to enabling a serial console connection
via the kernel commandline option `console=ttyS0`. Many clouds support
the serial connection, and utilize it for debugging purposes. Virtualbox
supports the serial connection as well. In Bionic and earlier images,
Vagrant boxes created a serial log file in the directory of the
Vagrantfile by default. However this is not standard behaviour for
Vagrant images, and so it was removed in Eoan onwards.
Starting in Eoan, there were reports of image booting slowdown (1874453
is a single example). After testing, it was determined that the serial
connection starting, without a device attached, was the cause of the
slow down. However, we did not want to revert to the old functionality
of creating a file. Much thanks to <giner> for providing the Ruby syntax
for sending to File::NULL.
This option will not create a local file, however, the default
Vagrantfile configuration is overwritable via a users Vagrantfile. The
original syntax for creating a file local to the users Vagrantfile has
been included as an example.
These introduced a regression for ppc64el and needs more time to bake.
This reverts commits 1deb0c68e8 &
6dbb30f53b.
* "ubuntu-cpc: Fix ppc64el grub console update"
* "ubuntu-cpc: Disable boot splash in all cloud images (LP: #1725358)"
The commit 6dbb30f5 (2.682) which disabled boot splash for all cloud
images introduced an error in the ppc64el hook. This patch corrects the
name of the variable that contains grub console overrides. The error
seen during testing was
'disk-image-ppc64el.binary: line 44: CONSOLES: unbound variable'
and this was due to a typo.
When trying to debug an issue on ARM64 it was reported that it was
quite difficult to debug because of control codes on the console from
the splash.
For cloud image there is a chroot customization the drops 'quiet splash'
but this is only applied to amd64. It hasn't made it into other
architectures because they don't have grub by default in the chroot.
However, when we get into binary hook for the uefi disk image and it's
derivatives grub is installed and this includes architectures that were
skipped in the chroot hook.
This patch changes the cpc-fixes chroot hook to add a cloud-images
grub config with basic overrides, including dropping the boot splash,
for all architectures. For images that never get grub installed this
addition is harmless and small while ensuring that the grub experience
is consistent for images that have grub. The configuration of console
devices as hard-coded remains arch specific.
In v2.672 the default boot behavior of cloud images changed:
- Prior to v2.672, cloud images with the linux-generic kernel attempt
to boot without an initramfs, would fail, and then retry with an
initramfs.
- After v2.672, cloud images with the linux-generic kernel boot with
an initramfs on the first try.
While the behavior is different between the two, they both result in
an instance that has booted with an initramfs. To ensure the changes
in v2.672 do not regress, we need an automated way to check if we are
attempting to boot without an initramfs and failing.
With this change, when we attempt to boot with an initramfs and fail,
initrdless_boot_fallback_triggered is set to non-zero in the grubenv.
This value can be checked after boot by looking in /boot/grub/grubenv
or by using the grub-editenv list command.
I recently pulled initramfs logic out of the base build hook, and
dropped that into the `replace_kernel` function. Any cloud image that
does not leverage the generic virtual kernel was expected to call
`replace_kernel` to pull in a custom kernel. That function will
disable initramfs boot for images that use a custom kernel.
Minimal cloud images on amd64 use the linux-kvm kernel, but the build
hook does not utilize the `replace_kernel` function. Instead, the
kernel flavor is set in `auto/config`. I pulled that logic out of
`auto/config` and am now calling `replace_kernel` in the build hook.
I also moved a call to generate the package list so that it will pick
up the change to the linux-kvm kernel.
Generic cloud images with the linux-generic kernel are not able to
boot without an initramfs. Previously, these images attempted to boot
without an initramfs, would fail, and then retry with an initramfs.
This slows the boot and is confusing behavior.
It was reported and confirmed in LP bug #1875400
(https://bugs.launchpad.net/cloud-images/+bug/1875400) that on the public
KVM cloud image there exists a large list of packages marked for auto-removal.
This should never be the case on a released cloud image.
These packages are marked for auto-removal because in the KVM image binary hook
we removed both initramfs-tools and busybox-initramfs packages. Due to package
dependencies this also removed:
busybox-initramfs* cloud-initramfs-copymods* cloud-initramfs-dyn-netconf*
cryptsetup-initramfs* initramfs-tools* initramfs-tools-core* multipath-tools*
overlayroot* sg3-utils-udev* ubuntu-server*
But it did not remove all the packages that the above list depended on.
This resulted in all those packages being marked for auto-removal because they
were not manually installed nor did they have any manually installed packages
that depended on them.
The removal of initramfs-tools and busybox-initramfs was to avoid the
generation of initramfs in images that should boot initramfsless.
This requirement is obsolete now because the initramfsless boot handling
is now handled via setting GRUB_FORCE_PARTUUID in /etc/default/grub.d/40-force-partuuid.cfg.
In test images I have verified that GRUB_FORCE_PARTUUID is set and that
boot speeds have not regressed.
LP: #1875400
Vagrant images were previously put at 10G, but this was a regression
from Trusty, in which they were 40G. This made it a tough sell for
users to upgrade if they were using a Ubuntu desktop experience.
This change does not impact disk usage as Vagrant with the virtualbox
provider dynamically allocates space with the VMDK. On a test system,
the VMDK took up 1.1G of disk space according to df, and after
creating a 2G file in Vagrant, the VMDK grew to 3.1G.
Therefore, users who are running on a system with little free space will
not see adverse effects if they upgrade to a new vagrant image
The livecd.ubuntu-cpc.ext4 that is present in each build (plus kernel
and initrd) are not renamed from /build/binary/boot/filsystem.ext4
and friends until after the binary hooks are run, so this patch moves
from trying to perform this cleanup in a binary hook. Now the cleanup
will be run at the end of live-build/binary for the ubuntu-cpc project.
In parallel builds where a list of image targets are provided the build
may produce binaries that are not part of the named set of targets but
are created by series dependencies. These implicitly created binaries
may be generated by multiple builds but are unused as our convention for
the ubuntu-cpc project is to only consume binaries from the explicitly
named image targets; this avoid overwriting the same object by multiple
parallel builds.
This patch adds support for a 'provides' keyword for series files. It can
be specified multiple times per series file. The field is used by the
make-hooks script to generate a list of output files created explicitly by
the named image targets. The list is saved to the "explicit_provides"
file in the hooks output directory. In the case of the "all" target
this list would be empty. This list is consumed by the "final.binary"
hook file.
This patch adds support for optional final.binary hooks in hooks.d/base
and/or hooks.d/extra. These final.binary hooks are always included as
the last hook(s) if either exist with the hook in "extra" running last.
The base/final.binary hook includes logic to parse the "explicit_provides"
file generated by the make-hooks script and remove any binary output not
explicitly specified.
Some series files named unnecessary dependencies, specifically
disk-image, to keep output of implicit artifacts consistent between
parallel builds. These unnecessary dependencies are removed in this
patch.
We are creating a derivative of disk-image, replacing the kernel with
linux-kvm, removing initramfs, and creating a qcow2 image.
Source: ~patviafore/livecd-rootfs/+git/livecd-rootfs:linux_kvm_image
Modifications: fixed conflict in debian/changelog entry and bumped
version.
Signed-off-by: Tiago Stürmer Daitx <tdaitx@gmail.com>
Configure cloud-init to look for its seed in the vFAT boot partition on
raspberry pi images; the corresponding gadget is configured to place the
user-data, meta-data, and network-config files there.
Source: ~waveform/ubuntu/+source/livecd-rootfs:cloud-init-boot
The addition of disk-image to series files in a prior commit required
some explanation. Without comment support in series files that was
not possible. This patch adds support for comments and adds those
comments as well.
The following targets have livecd.ubuntu-cpc.manifest (and
livecd.ubuntu-cpc.ext4) which differ in some way from the 'all'
target. They are all missing grub-efi and other modifications:
root-dir
squashfs
tarball
These targets do not depend on the 'disk-image' target. This means that
the ext4 produced will lack the uefi modifications (and any from the
disk-image target binary hooks).
Since the ext4 file is common to all builds there is a chance that a
parallel build from one of these targets could overwrite this artifact.
This patch ensures that all targets will produce consistent base output.
commit a993592 introduced an additional call to create_manifest
(and snap-seed-parse) to write binary/boot/filesystem.packages. This
caused duplicate snap lines in the qcow manifest. This is because the
live-build/auto/binary code assumes that after 'lb binary' is run the
filesystem.packages will only have debs and it calls snap-seed-parse to
add them to the file. The commit changed filesystem.packages in the
ubuntu-cpc uefi binary hook to include debs and snaps.
This patch keeps the intent of the prior patch, updating the
filesystem.packages file for the content of the uefi disk image, but
only writes a listing of debian packages to match the expected content
of filesystem.packages. The snaps will still be added in generic code
in live-build/auto/build.
This patch currently only applies to the "ubuntu-cpc" project.
More and more logic has been going into the hook scripts to decide under which conditions they should run or not. As we are moving to parallelized builds of image sets, this will get even more complicated. Base hooks will have to know which image sets they belong to and modification of the dependency chain between scripts will become more complicated and prone to errors, as the number of image sets grows.
This patch introduces explicit ordering and dependency handling for scripts through the use of `series` files and an explicit syntax for dependency specification.
2.02+dfsg1-5ubuntu5 grub will automatically fall back to booting with an
initrd if one is available, so we can now always attempt initramfsless
boot for cloud images which almost always works and causes only minimal
increase in boot speed for cases where it does not.
don't want installed by default. Some are tools that aren't needed for
non-interactive use; some are libraries whose reverse-dependencies
will have already been removed; and one, open-vm-tools, should only be
included in images that are targeted to VMWare (which is not the case
for any of the current minimal images), rather than being included
directly in the cloud-image seed.
Kernels which are able to boot without initramfs now dropped dependency
on initramfs-tools thus initramfs-tools can be removed from the image
instead of having to divert it to avoid initramfs generation.
- Usually, netplan's systemd-generator enables systemd-networkd and
systemd-networkd-wait-online on boot. But netplan configuration is not
yet generated at that point by cloud-init. Cloud-init generates in the
network-pre.target and expects the network.target /
network-online.target to work. These are already part of the ongoing
systemd transaction, thus cannot be injected into the boot-sequency by
cloud-init local mode. Therefore make sure cloud images include
networkd in the initial boot transaction.
- src:systemd will shortly not enable networkd unconditionally by
default.
* Drop ifupdown e-n-i configuration files, no longer used.
* live-build/ubuntu-cpc/functions: Add a function, teardown_mountpoint,
to reverse the work done in setup_mountpoint. Lack of this function
has forced users of setup_mountpoint to implement this separately
and the implementations have diverged. (LP: #1716992)
* live-build/ubuntu-cpc/functions: Remove umount_settle function.
The was only used where teardown_mountpoint was lacking.
we don't have to leave empty space in our derivative images for packages
that have been downloaded/installed/removed. This normally isn't
relevant for the installed system, since the root filesystem will
auto-expand in place on the target disk, but lets us ship smaller
images.
* live-build/functions: also call 'apt-get update' after mounting the
blank /var/lib/apt.
This branch changes the behavior for default users on the vagrant image,
according to much of https://www.vagrantup.com/docs/boxes/base.html
Specifically, this adds a new "vagrant" user with a know password on top
of the already existing ubuntu user.
This conforms to the expectations of the Vagrant community, despite some
security concerns. Vagrant images are not used for production systems but
for development environments, and the absence of the "standard" vagrant user
has been hurting ubuntu adoption on that platform.
Test showed very little difference in file-size between -0 and -9 while
both compression and decompression need much less memory and compression
needs less CPU time for -0.
Supported xz versions before 5.2 also accept the -T4 option but ignore it.
Also depend on xz-utils instead of on pxz.
LP: #1701132
John Chittum
Stanislav German-Evtushenko
Steve Langasek
Robert C Jennings
David Krauser
Dimitri John Ledkov
Balint Reczey
Philip Roche
Pat Viafore
Łukasz 'sil2100' Zemczak
Michael Hudson-Doyle
Tiago Stürmer Daitx
Tobias Koch
Steve Langasek
Cody Shepherd
Aleksandr Bogdanov
Daniel Watkins
Colin Watson
Adam Conrad
Christopher Glass
Mathieu Trudel-Lapierre
Brian Murray